Germany's New Marx

As a Munich postgraduate fellow, Red Baron frequently tuned in to the American Forces Network (AFN). Here I listened to a man named Marx, whose first name was Groucho, and followed his last radio broadcasts of You Bet Your Life. Later, I learned about the Brothers, and on a bicycle tour around East Frisia in 2009, I visited the Marx family's place of origin.

Germany has a few other "Marxes" that are better known. The first one was named Karl and is the author of the communist Bible and Catechism, i.e., Das Kapital (Capital) and The Communist Manifesto.

The second was Wilhelm Marx, chancellor of the Weimar Republic, for the first time from November 30, 1923, to January 15, 1925. He was followed by a man named Luther, whose first name was Hans, not Martin, until Wilhelm Marx again followed Luther as chancellor. In fourteen years, from 1919 to 1933, the Weimar Republic counted thirteen (sic!) chancellors until Reichspräsident Hindenburg nominated number fourteen, the gravedigger of the Republic, Hitler.

Since March 12, 2014, Germany has had a new Marx. His first name is Reinhard, and he was born in Geseke near Paderborn, Westphalia. In Germany, we do not compare the adjective black - a synonym for being Catholic - blacker, blackest, but we compare black, Münster, and Paderborn. The comparison means that Catholicism is stronger in the Westphalian Münsterland but strongest in the bishopric of Paderborn.

The man from near Paderborn, cardinal and archbishop of Munich, was elected chairman of the German Bishops' Conference, replacing the retired archbishop of Freiburg, Robert Zollitsch. Marx was elected in Münster by the German bishops and auxiliary bishops only in the fifth round of voting, in which a simple majority is sufficient (Wikipedia). The election result shows that Reinhard Marx is controversial: Nobody knows how to pigeonhole him. For some, he is ultra-conservative; for others, he is too progressive. However, two things are sure: Reinhard, contrary to hesitant Robert, is a Macher (man of action) and absolutely loyal to the pope. 

Alongside Pope Benedict, Marx was a defender of the proclaimed doctrinal understanding; now he stands for the new pope's reform efforts. When Francis published his encyclical Evangelii gaudium, Marx rejoiced, "He speaks to my heart."

Following his election as chairman of the German Bishops' Conference, Reinhard Marx
 meets the media. In the back, his predecessor Robert Zollitsch (©Focus).

The pope appointed Reinhard as an advisor to revise the Apostolic Constitution on the Roman Curia, in addition to his posts as Cardinal-Coordinator of the Council for Economic Affairs, member of the Congregation for Catholic Education, and member of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace. He is head of the Committee for Social Issues at the German Bishops' Conference and president of the Bishops' Conferences of the European Community. Do all these jobs reflect the Macher or, instead, the manpower shortage in the Catholic Church?

On whether the Church should allow remarried divorcees to take Communion, Marx advocates a clement treatment. If the divorced persons recognize their failure, they could, following a penitential period, ask to be admitted to retake communion. 

Here, Marx is in complete disagreement with his fellow countryman and Cardinal Gerhard Ludwig Müller, the new cardinal and head of the Congregation of the Faith at the Vatican. We know there are difficult situations, like cases where one partner was maliciously abandoned, but human regulations must not suspend the Word of God. Reinhard and Gerhard Ludwig will never become friends.

**